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ALGORITHMS

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  Artificial intelligence ALGORITHMS For complete beginners  ___ INTRODUCTION An algorithm is a well-defined procedure that takes some input and produces a corresponding output. It is a set of instructions that is used to solve a specific problem or perform a particular task.   An algorithm typically has the following characteristics:   1. Input : An algorithm takes some input, which can be in the form of numbers, text, images, or other types of data. 2. Processing: The algorithm processes the input data using a set of instructions or rules. 3. Output: The algorithm produces a corresponding output, which is the solution to the problem or the result of the task. 4. Finiteness: An algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps. 5. Correctness: An algorithm must produce the correct output for a given input.   A good algorithm should also have the following properties: 1. Efficiency: An algorithm should be efficient...
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Cost fallacy

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What is Cost Fallacy? Cost Fallacy is a cognitive bias that occurs when an individual continues to invest time, money, or effort into something because of the resources they have already committed, even if it no longer makes sense to do so. Examples of Cost Fallacy 1. Sunk Cost Fallacy: A person buys a ticket to a concert, but on the day of the concert, they realize they don't want to go. However, they still attend the concert because they don't want to "waste" the money they spent on the ticket. 2. Investment Fallacy: A company invests heavily in a project, but it's not yielding the expected returns. However, the company continues to invest more resources into the project because they don't want to "lose" the money they've already invested. How to Avoid Cost Fallacy 1. Separate past decisions from future ones: Recognize that past investments do not dictate future decisions. 2. Evaluate current circumstances: Consider the current situation and ...
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The Stock Market

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  Financial Markets How the stock market works Lemonade company   A company makes lemonade, each year customers buy more and more because they make better lemonade than their competitors. Then one day customers demand more lemonade than the company can produce. The owner figures it would cost K1000000 to scale up production, so he decides to form a corporation to sell shares in his business to raise the capital. First the owner goes to the state government to obtain a permit to sell shares in his business.  Next, he goes to an investment banker and shows him the record of the Lemonade company's past performance and plans for expansion. The investment banker decides to help our friend sell shares in his business to raise the K1000000. However, before any shares can be sold, certain information must be filed the Securities Exchange Commission. The investment banker and the owner must swear that the information they filed contains nothing but the truth. Note: registration wi...
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